Palladium

46
Pd
Grupp
10
Period
5
Block
d
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
46
46
60
Generella Egenskaper
Atomnummer
46
Atommassa
106,42
Masstal
106
Kategori
Övergångsmetaller
Färg
Silver
Radioaktiv
Nej
Palladium was named after the asteroid Pallas; Pallas was the Greek goddess of wisdom
Kristallstruktur
Ytcentrerat kubiskt
Historia
Palladium was discovered in 1803, in London, by English chemist William Hyde Wollaston.

He examined the residues left from platinum after dissolving it in aqua regia, a concentrated solution of hydrochloric and nitric acids.

He then isolated palladium in a series of chemical reactions.
Elektroner per skal
2, 8, 18, 18
Elektronkonfiguration
[Kr] 4d10
Pd
In the late 1800s, palladium was more expensive than platinum
Fysikaliska Egenskaper
Aggregationstillstånd
Fast
Densitet
12,02 g/cm3
Smältpunkt
1828,05 K | 1554,9 °C | 2830,82 °F
Kokpunkt
3236,15 K | 2963 °C | 5365,4 °F
Smältvärme
16,7 kJ/mol
Ångbildningsvärme
380 kJ/mol
Specifik värmekapacitet
0,244 J/g·K
Förekomst i jordskorpan
6,3×10-7%
Förekomst i universum
2×10-7%
Palladium
Bildkrediter: Images-of-elements
Palladium crystal
CAS-nummer
7440-05-3
PubChem CID-nummer
23938
Atomära Egenskaper
Atomradie
137 pm
Kovalent radie
139 pm
Elektronegativitet
2,2 (Paulingskalan)
Jonisationspotential
8,3369 eV
Molvolym
8,9 cm3/mol
Värmeledningsförmåga
0,718 W/cm·K
Oxidationstillstånd
2, 4
Användningsområden
The largest use of palladium is in catalytic converters in the automobile industry.

Finely divided palladium is a good catalyst and is used for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.

The metal is used in dentistry, watch making, and in making surgical instruments and electrical contacts.
Palladium is considered to be of low toxicity
Isotoper
Stabila isotoper
102Pd, 104Pd, 105Pd, 106Pd, 108Pd, 110Pd
Instabila isotoper
91Pd, 92Pd, 93Pd, 94Pd, 95Pd, 96Pd, 97Pd, 98Pd, 99Pd, 100Pd, 101Pd, 103Pd, 107Pd, 109Pd, 111Pd, 112Pd, 113Pd, 114Pd, 115Pd, 116Pd, 117Pd, 118Pd, 119Pd, 120Pd, 121Pd, 122Pd, 123Pd, 124Pd