Aluminium

13
Al
Grupp
13
Period
3
Block
p
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
13
13
14
Generella Egenskaper
Atomnummer
13
Atommassa
26,9815386
Masstal
27
Kategori
Posttransitionsmetaller
Färg
Silver
Radioaktiv
Nej
From the Latin word alumen, alum
Kristallstruktur
Ytcentrerat kubiskt
Historia
In 1761, Guyton de Morveau proposed the name alumine for the base in alum, and Antoine Lavoisier, in 1787, thought this to be the oxide of a still undiscovered metal.

Sir Humphry Davy identified the existence of a metal base of alum in 1808.

Hans Christian Ørsted was the first to isolate metallic aluminum in 1825 in impure form.

Friedrich Wöhler is generally credited with having isolated the metal in 1827.
Elektroner per skal
2, 8, 3
Elektronkonfiguration
[Ne] 3s2 3p1
Al
Aluminum does not stick to magnets under normal conditions
Fysikaliska Egenskaper
Aggregationstillstånd
Fast
Densitet
2,698 g/cm3
Smältpunkt
933,47 K | 660,32 °C | 1220,58 °F
Kokpunkt
2792,15 K | 2519 °C | 4566,2 °F
Smältvärme
10,7 kJ/mol
Ångbildningsvärme
293 kJ/mol
Specifik värmekapacitet
0,897 J/g·K
Förekomst i jordskorpan
8,1%
Förekomst i universum
0,005%
Chunk
Bildkrediter: Images-of-elements
Chunk of aluminum
CAS-nummer
7429-90-5
PubChem CID-nummer
5359268
Atomära Egenskaper
Atomradie
143 pm
Kovalent radie
121 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,61 (Paulingskalan)
Jonisationspotential
5,9858 eV
Molvolym
9,98 cm3/mol
Värmeledningsförmåga
2,37 W/cm·K
Oxidationstillstånd
1, 3
Användningsområden
Aluminum is used in an extensive range of products from drinks cans to window frames and boats to aircraft.

It is used in electrical transmission lines.

It is also used for kitchen utensils, outside building decoration, and in thousands of industrial applications.

When alloyed with small amounts of copper, magnesium, silicon, manganese, or other elements impart a variety of useful properties.
Aluminum is not known to be toxic
Isotoper
Stabila isotoper
27Al
Instabila isotoper
21Al, 22Al, 23Al, 24Al, 25Al, 26Al, 28Al, 29Al, 30Al, 31Al, 32Al, 33Al, 34Al, 35Al, 36Al, 37Al, 38Al, 39Al, 40Al, 41Al, 42Al