Plutonium
94
Pu
Grupp
Ej tillämplig
Period
7
Block
f
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
94
94
150
Generella Egenskaper
Atomnummer
94
Atommassa
[244]
Masstal
244
Kategori
Aktinider
Färg
Silver
Radioaktiv
Ja
Named after the planet Pluto
Kristallstruktur
Enkelt monoklint
Historia
Plutonium was first produced in 1940 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Edwin M. McMillan, Joseph W. Kennedy and Arthur Wahl.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Elektroner per skal
2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
Elektronkonfiguration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
The atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan in 1945 had a plutonium core
Fysikaliska Egenskaper
Aggregationstillstånd
Fast
Densitet
19,816 g/cm3
Smältpunkt
912,55 K | 639,4 °C | 1182,92 °F
Kokpunkt
3501,15 K | 3228 °C | 5842,4 °F
Smältvärme
Ej tillämplig
Ångbildningsvärme
325 kJ/mol
Specifik värmekapacitet
-
Förekomst i jordskorpan
Ej tillämplig
Förekomst i universum
Ej tillämplig
Bildkrediter: Wikimedia Commons (Los Alamos National Laboratory)
A ring of weapons-grade 99.96% pure electrorefined plutonium, enough for one bomb core
CAS-nummer
7440-07-5
PubChem CID-nummer
23940
Atomära Egenskaper
Atomradie
159 pm
Kovalent radie
187 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,28 (Paulingskalan)
Jonisationspotential
6,0262 eV
Molvolym
12,32 cm3/mol
Värmeledningsförmåga
0,0674 W/cm·K
Oxidationstillstånd
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Användningsområden
The isotope plutonium-239 is a key fissile component in nuclear weapons, due to its ease of fission and availability.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Isotoper
Stabila isotoper
-Instabila isotoper
228Pu, 229Pu, 230Pu, 231Pu, 232Pu, 233Pu, 234Pu, 235Pu, 236Pu, 237Pu, 238Pu, 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu, 242Pu, 243Pu, 244Pu, 245Pu, 246Pu, 247Pu