Yttrium

39
Y
Grupp
3
Period
5
Block
d
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
39
39
50
Generella Egenskaper
Atomnummer
39
Atommassa
88,90585
Masstal
89
Kategori
Övergångsmetaller
Färg
Silver
Radioaktiv
Nej
Named after Ytterby, a village in Sweden near Vauxholm
Kristallstruktur
Enkelt hexagonalt
Historia
In 1787, Carl Axel Arrhenius found a new mineral near Ytterby in Sweden and named it ytterbite, after the village.

Johan Gadolin discovered yttrium's oxide in Arrhenius' sample in 1789, and Anders Gustaf Ekeberg named the new oxide yttria.

Elemental yttrium was first isolated in 1828 by Friedrich Wöhler.
Elektroner per skal
2, 8, 18, 9, 2
Elektronkonfiguration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
Y
Finely divided yttrium is very unstable in air
Fysikaliska Egenskaper
Aggregationstillstånd
Fast
Densitet
4,469 g/cm3
Smältpunkt
1799,15 K | 1526 °C | 2778,8 °F
Kokpunkt
3609,15 K | 3336 °C | 6036,8 °F
Smältvärme
11,4 kJ/mol
Ångbildningsvärme
380 kJ/mol
Specifik värmekapacitet
0,298 J/g·K
Förekomst i jordskorpan
0,0029%
Förekomst i universum
7×10-7%
High
Bildkrediter: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
High purity yttrium
CAS-nummer
7440-65-5
PubChem CID-nummer
23993
Atomära Egenskaper
Atomradie
180 pm
Kovalent radie
190 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,22 (Paulingskalan)
Jonisationspotential
6,2173 eV
Molvolym
19,8 cm3/mol
Värmeledningsförmåga
0,172 W/cm·K
Oxidationstillstånd
1, 2, 3
Användningsområden
Yttrium is often used in alloys, increasing the strength of aluminum and magnesium alloys.

Yttrium is one of the elements used to make the red color in CRT televisions.

It is also used as a deoxidizer for non-ferrous metals such as vanadium.

Yttrium can be used in laser systems and as a catalyst for ethylene polymerization reactions.
Exposure to yttrium compounds in humans may cause lung disease
Isotoper
Stabila isotoper
89Y
Instabila isotoper
76Y, 77Y, 78Y, 79Y, 80Y, 81Y, 82Y, 83Y, 84Y, 85Y, 86Y, 87Y, 88Y, 90Y, 91Y, 92Y, 93Y, 94Y, 95Y, 96Y, 97Y, 98Y, 99Y, 100Y, 101Y, 102Y, 103Y, 104Y, 105Y, 106Y, 107Y, 108Y