Fluor

9
F
Grupp
17
Period
2
Block
p
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
9
9
10
Generella Egenskaper
Atomnummer
9
Atommassa
18,9984032
Masstal
19
Kategori
Halogener
Färg
Färglös
Radioaktiv
Nej
Från latinets och franskan fluere, flöda
Kristallstruktur
Bascentrerat monoklint
Historia
In 1529, Georigius Agricola described the use of fluorspar as a flux.

In 1670 Heinrich Schwandhard found that glass was etched when exposed to fluorspar treated with acid.

In 1810, French scientist Andre-Marie Ampere proposed that fluoric acid was a compound of hydrogen with a new element.

The element was finally isolated in 1886 by Henri Moissan.
Elektroner per skal
2, 7
Elektronkonfiguration
[He] 2s2 2p5
F
Fluorine reacts violently with water to produce oxygen
Fysikaliska Egenskaper
Aggregationstillstånd
Gasformig
Densitet
0,001696 g/cm3
Smältpunkt
53,53 K | -219,62 °C | -363,32 °F
Kokpunkt
85,03 K | -188,12 °C | -306,62 °F
Smältvärme
0,26 kJ/mol
Ångbildningsvärme
3,27 kJ/mol
Specifik värmekapacitet
0,824 J/g·K
Förekomst i jordskorpan
0,054%
Förekomst i universum
0,00004%
Fluorine
Bildkrediter: Images-of-elements
Fluorine gas, but only as photomontage, because fluorine reacts even with glass
CAS-nummer
7782-41-4
PubChem CID-nummer
24524
Atomära Egenskaper
Atomradie
42 pm
Kovalent radie
64 pm
Elektronegativitet
3,98 (Paulingskalan)
Jonisationspotential
17,4228 eV
Molvolym
17,1 cm3/mol
Värmeledningsförmåga
0,000279 W/cm·K
Oxidationstillstånd
-1
Användningsområden
Compounds of fluorine, including sodium fluoride, are used in toothpaste and in drinking water to prevent dental cavities.

Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) now serve as replacements for CFC refrigerants.

Fluorine and its compounds are used in processing nuclear fuel.
Fluorine is highly toxic and corrosive
Isotoper
Stabila isotoper
19F
Instabila isotoper
14F, 15F, 16F, 17F, 18F, 20F, 21F, 22F, 23F, 24F, 25F, 26F, 27F, 28F, 29F, 30F, 31F