Prometium

61
Pm
Grupp
Ej tillämplig
Period
6
Block
f
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
61
61
84
Generella Egenskaper
Atomnummer
61
Atommassa
[145]
Masstal
145
Kategori
Lantanoider
Färg
Silver
Radioaktiv
Ja
Named after the Greek Prometheus, who, according to mythology, stole fire from heaven
Kristallstruktur
Ej tillämplig
Historia
The existence of an element between neodymium and samarium was first predicted by Czech chemist Bohuslav Brauner in 1902.

Promethium was first produced and characterized at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 1945 by Jacob A. Marinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin and Charles D. Coryell.

It was produced by the separation and analysis of the fission products of uranium fuel irradiated in a graphite reactor.
Elektroner per skal
2, 8, 18, 23, 8, 2
Elektronkonfiguration
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
Pm
Promethium is the only lanthanide that has no stable isotopes
Fysikaliska Egenskaper
Aggregationstillstånd
Fast
Densitet
7,26 g/cm3
Smältpunkt
1315,15 K | 1042 °C | 1907,6 °F
Kokpunkt
3273,15 K | 3000 °C | 5432 °F
Smältvärme
7,7 kJ/mol
Ångbildningsvärme
290 kJ/mol
Specifik värmekapacitet
-
Förekomst i jordskorpan
Ej tillämplig
Förekomst i universum
Ej tillämplig
Pitchblende,
Bildkrediter: Wikimedia Commons (Geomartin)
Pitchblende, a uranium ore and the host for most of Earth's promethium
CAS-nummer
7440-12-2
PubChem CID-nummer
Ej tillämplig
Atomära Egenskaper
Atomradie
183 pm
Kovalent radie
199 pm
Elektronegativitet
-
Jonisationspotential
5,582 eV
Molvolym
22,39 cm3/mol
Värmeledningsförmåga
0,179 W/cm·K
Oxidationstillstånd
3
Användningsområden
Promethium is also used in atomic batteries for spacecraft and guided missiles.

Promethium is also used to measure the thickness of materials by evaluating the amount of radiation from a promethium source that passes through the sample.

It has possible future uses in portable X-ray sources, and as auxiliary heat or power sources for space probes and satellites.
Promethium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Isotoper
Stabila isotoper
-
Instabila isotoper
126Pm, 127Pm, 128Pm, 129Pm, 130Pm, 131Pm, 132Pm, 133Pm, 134Pm, 135Pm, 136Pm, 137Pm, 138Pm, 139Pm, 140Pm, 141Pm, 142Pm, 143Pm, 144Pm, 145Pm, 146Pm, 147Pm, 148Pm, 149Pm, 150Pm, 151Pm, 152Pm, 153Pm, 154Pm, 155Pm, 156Pm, 157Pm, 158Pm, 159Pm, 160Pm, 161Pm, 162Pm, 163Pm