Indium

49
In
Grupp
13
Period
5
Block
p
Protoner
Elektroner
Neutroner
49
49
66
Generella Egenskaper
Atomnummer
49
Atommassa
114,818
Masstal
115
Kategori
Posttransitionsmetaller
Färg
Silver
Radioaktiv
Nej
From the brilliant indigo line in its spectrum
Kristallstruktur
Rymdcentrerat tetragonalt
Historia
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter first identified indium in sphalerite by its bright indigo-blue spectroscopic emission line.

As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.

Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
Elektroner per skal
2, 8, 18, 18, 3
Elektronkonfiguration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
In
When it is bent, indium emits a high-pitched 'cry'
Fysikaliska Egenskaper
Aggregationstillstånd
Fast
Densitet
7,31 g/cm3
Smältpunkt
429,75 K | 156,6 °C | 313,88 °F
Kokpunkt
2345,15 K | 2072 °C | 3761,6 °F
Smältvärme
3,26 kJ/mol
Ångbildningsvärme
230 kJ/mol
Specifik värmekapacitet
0,233 J/g·K
Förekomst i jordskorpan
0,000016%
Förekomst i universum
3×10-8%
Ingot
Bildkrediter: Images-of-elements
Ingot of 40 grams of indium
CAS-nummer
7440-74-6
PubChem CID-nummer
5359967
Atomära Egenskaper
Atomradie
167 pm
Kovalent radie
142 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,78 (Paulingskalan)
Jonisationspotential
5,7864 eV
Molvolym
15,7 cm3/mol
Värmeledningsförmåga
0,816 W/cm·K
Oxidationstillstånd
1, 2, 3
Användningsområden
Indium's current primary application is to form transparent electrodes from indium tin oxide in liquid crystal displays and touchscreens.

It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.

It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
Indium is considered to be of low toxicity
Isotoper
Stabila isotoper
113In
Instabila isotoper
97In, 98In, 99In, 100In, 101In, 102In, 103In, 104In, 105In, 106In, 107In, 108In, 109In, 110In, 111In, 112In, 114In, 115In, 116In, 117In, 118In, 119In, 120In, 121In, 122In, 123In, 124In, 125In, 126In, 127In, 128In, 129In, 130In, 131In, 132In, 133In, 134In, 135In